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Trump Considers Seizing Iran’s Kharg Island to ‘Take the Oil’ | Analysis

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The popular Idiom : “The Cat comes out of bag” reveals the actual designs of trump by imposing illegal war on Iran . All he wants to occupy Oil reserves like he did in Venezuela.There are moments in geopolitics when a single sentence, dropped casually into a newspaper interview, reconfigures the strategic landscape. Donald Trump provided one such moment on Sunday when he told the Financial Times that his “favourite thing is to take the oil in Iran” — and that he was weighing whether to order U.S. forces to seize Kharg Island, the sun-scorched coral outcrop in the northern Persian Gulf that serves as the beating heart of the Islamic Republic’s petrostate economy.

“To be honest with you, my favourite thing is to take the oil in Iran, but some stupid people back in the US say: ‘why are you doing that?’ But they’re stupid people,” Trump told the newspaper. When pressed on whether U.S. forces might seize the island, he replied: “Maybe we take Kharg Island, maybe we don’t. We have a lot of options.” CNN

The markets did not wait for clarification. May futures for Brent crude rose over 3.2% to $116.12 per barrel during early Asia hours, with the international benchmark heading for a record monthly jump, while U.S. West Texas Intermediate futures gained 3.4% to $102.9ba6 per barrel. CNBC The words of one man in an Oval Office interview had, within hours, threatened to reroute the global economy.

The Island That Runs an Empire

To understand why Trump’s remarks triggered such alarm, one must first appreciate the extraordinary concentration of strategic value contained within nine square miles of Persian Gulf coral.

Around 96% of Iran’s crude exports pass through Kharg, making it one of the most concentrated oil-export chokepoints in the world. Over the past year Iran exported about 1.64 million barrels per day of crude, roughly 1.577 million bpd of which departed from Kharg’s terminals. The terminal can theoretically load up to 5 million bpd, far above current export levels. The island also hosts 55 storage tanks capable of holding about 34 million barrels of crude. Iranopendata

Kharg Island lies in the northern Middle East Gulf, around 25 km off Iran’s coast and more than 480 km northwest of the Strait of Hormuz. Its importance begins with geography. Much of Iran’s coastline is too shallow for the world’s largest tankers, but Kharg is surrounded by naturally deep water, allowing Very Large Crude Carriers to berth directly and load cargoes of up to roughly two million barrels. Kpler

This is not merely infrastructure. It is the fiscal spine of the Iranian state. Disrupt Kharg, and you do not merely inconvenience Tehran — you amputate its primary source of hard currency. Iran has spent decades and billions of dollars attempting to build alternatives, but as Kpler data confirms, the Jask terminal’s effective capacity is widely estimated at closer to 0.3 million barrels per day, with historically low utilization. By comparison, Kharg alone has historically exported around 1.5 to 2.0 million barrels per day. Kpler

The island’s vulnerability was not lost on Iran either. During the 15 to 20 February period before hostilities commenced, Iran increased its oil export to three times its normal rate and reduced oil storage — probably in anticipation of an attack. Wikipedia A regime that had spent years insisting Kharg was inviolable was hedging in ways that suggested otherwise.

The Venezuela Parallel — and Its Limits

Trump’s framing of the Kharg question is revealing. He likened the potential move to the U.S. ambitions to control Venezuela’s oil industry following the capture of its leader Nicolás Maduro in January. CNN The comparison illuminates both the president’s strategic logic and its considerable weaknesses.

Venezuela’s oil infrastructure was seized after a regime change that unfolded largely through domestic political collapse, accelerated by economic strangulation. Iran is a different proposition entirely. It is a sovereign state with a standing military, substantial missile and drone arsenals, and — crucially — geography that does not afford the United States the luxury of standoff control. Kharg Island sits within range of Iranian rocket artillery and short-range ballistic missiles. Unlike Venezuela’s Maracaibo Basin, it is embedded within a conflict zone where Iranian forces retain the capacity to strike daily.

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Real dangers to the troops would come after the initial invasion. Iran would turn the U.S. presence on the key island into a priority target and focus its firepower there. Iran has been hit hard, but still retains the ability to fire drones and missiles, including daily barrages at Israel and the UAE. Unlike Israel, Kharg is in range of Iranian rocket artillery, as well as multiple types of suicide drones. The Times of Israel

Trump acknowledged this arithmetic only obliquely: “It would also mean we had to be there [in Kharg Island] for a while,” CNBC he told the FT — a rare concession that even optimistic scenarios involve an extended, contested occupation of hostile territory deep in the Persian Gulf.

The Military Backdrop: Strikes, Troops, and Escalating Posture

Trump’s remarks do not emerge from a vacuum of rhetorical speculation. They land in a conflict that is now in its fifth week and has already made Kharg Island a theatre of direct U.S. military action.

The United States on March 14 targeted military assets on Kharg Island as part of a broader campaign aimed at protecting maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz. U.S. Central Command said American forces struck military targets on the island while deliberately avoiding its oil infrastructure. “Moments ago, at my direction, the United States Central Command executed one of the most powerful bombing raids in the history of the Middle East and totally obliterated every military target in Iran’s crown jewel, Kharg Island,” Trump wrote in a post on Truth Social. Iran International

The deliberate sparing of oil infrastructure was itself a message — one that Trump has now placed under explicit review. “Should Iran, or anyone else, do anything to interfere with the free and safe passage of ships through the Strait of Hormuz, I will immediately reconsider this decision,” he wrote at the time. Iran International

The troop posture reinforces the strategic intent. The Washington Post reported that the Pentagon was preparing for weeks of potential ground conflict in Iran with around 3,500 troops arriving in the region on Friday, while thousands of soldiers from the 82nd Airborne Division have also been ordered to support the war effort. CNBC An amphibious assault team arrived in the Persian Gulf on Saturday. The combination of airborne and marine assets in the region is precisely the force package one would assemble to secure and hold a fortified island.

Three Scenarios the Market Is Now Pricing

Analysts surveying the current landscape have begun structuring their outlook around three distinct trajectories, each with materially different energy-market implications:

  • Scenario A — Negotiated settlement: Parallel diplomatic efforts, notably Pakistan’s offer to host talks, produce a ceasefire framework. Trump told reporters aboard Air Force One that Iran had agreed to “most of” the 15-point list of demands conveyed via Pakistan to end the war, adding: “They’re agreeing with us on the plan.” CNN In this scenario, Kharg Island serves as a pressure lever rather than an occupation target; oil recedes toward the $90 range. Probability: rising but fragile.
  • Scenario B — Blockade or encirclement: U.S. naval forces impose a maritime cordon around Kharg without a physical landing, severing Iranian oil exports through economic rather than military occupation. This hedges U.S. casualty risk while achieving the fiscal strangulation objective, though it invites Iranian retaliation against Gulf energy infrastructure and risks a protracted naval standoff.
  • Scenario C — Physical seizure: American marines and paratroopers land on Kharg Island, securing the oil terminal under U.S. military administration. This is Trump’s stated preference. Such an attempt would likely require a ground troop operation, and an attack would also likely prompt further energy market volatility at a time when oil prices have soared to nearly $120 a barrel. CNBC In the worst-case variant, Iranian retaliation extends to Saudi Arabia’s Ras Tanura and Abu Dhabi’s Fujairah terminals, removing a combined 15 to 20 million barrels per day from global supply and triggering recession conditions across import-dependent economies.
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The Hormuz Dimension

Any analysis of Kharg Island must account for the Strait of Hormuz, the nautical bottleneck whose closure has already inflicted severe damage on global energy flows since the war began in late February.

Before the disruption, about 14.7 million bpd of crude and 4.8 million bpd of petroleum products moved through the strait each day. Energy prices have surged roughly 30%, pushing oil above $100 per barrel. The ripple effects extend beyond crude: Qatar has halted exports of roughly 330 million cubic metres of LNG per day, about one-fifth of global liquefied natural gas trade. Iranopendata

Iran’s naval doctrine emphasizes the use of asymmetric tactics, including naval mines, fast-attack boats and anti-ship missiles. Iran is believed to possess between 2,000 and 6,000 naval mines. Even a limited number could disrupt maritime traffic in the narrow waterway. Iran International

The seizure of Kharg Island is, in part, Trump’s proposed solution to the Hormuz problem: occupy the oil infrastructure Iran uses to fund its naval doctrine, and the regime’s capacity to sustain a blockade erodes. The logic is not without merit — but it rests on the assumption that an occupied Kharg would remain operational. That assumption is far from guaranteed. JPMorgan’s commodities research team found it likely that an attack on Kharg Island could trigger retaliation in the Strait of Hormuz or against major regional energy facilities, including Saudi Arabia’s Ras Tanura, the Abqaiq processing facility, and the UAE’s Fujairah. Euronews

Expert Perspectives: A Divided Strategic Community

The analyst community reflects the genuine strategic ambiguity of the moment.

Senator Lindsey Graham, a Republican influential in guiding Trump’s policy on Iran, argued that controlling the island could shorten the war. “Seldom in warfare does an enemy provide you a single target like Kharg Island that could dramatically alter the outcome of the conflict,” he wrote on X. Time

Former Israeli defence minister Yoav Gallant was equally direct. “On the strategic chessboard of this war, Kharg Island is the next piece,” he wrote. “It may be the move that decides the conflict. If it is going to be made, it must be made now.” The Times of Israel

But seasoned military and energy analysts are considerably more cautious. Marc Gustafson, former head of the White House Situation Room who served under presidents Trump, Biden and Obama, acknowledged that Trump may be tempted by the opportunity to claim a “big PR win” and give U.S. troops a natural barrier from mainland Iran, but this must be weighed against force protection risks. CNBC

Jan van Eck, CEO of VanEck Funds, had earlier offered a prescient framing of the strategic calculus: “It’s where 90% of Iran’s oil gets exported out of — that is a choke point. And if you think that Trump just follows the same playbook that he did in Venezuela — he cut off their oil exports, their hard currency, and I think he is going to want that leverage point going forward.” CNBC

The critical distinction, however, is one of sequencing. Richard Goldberg of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies offered a pointed qualifier: “If you could actually deny them that oil export, it would likely mean we’ve so degraded the regime’s threat capacity that we don’t fear for our own force protection whether on or near Kharg.” The Times of Israel The question, in other words, is not whether Kharg is a prize worth having — it manifestly is — but whether the conditions for holding it can be created before the attempt is made.

The Wider Regional Fragmentation

Iran has not stood still while these calculations are being made in Washington. As hostilities continue for a fifth week, Tehran has escalated attacks on Gulf energy and civilian infrastructure, with a service building at a power generation and water desalination plant in Kuwait damaged Sunday evening, killing one worker. CNBC The Houthi rebels in Yemen formally entered the conflict over the weekend, adding another axis of missile and drone pressure. Oil prices surged to about $115 a barrel after Iranian media reported a suspected US-Israeli strike on the Tabriz Petrochemical Company in northwestern Iran on Monday. RT International

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Meanwhile, analysts warned that the most significant risk remains broader escalation targeting energy infrastructure across the region, with particular concern about attacks on Saudi Arabia’s East-West pipeline and the UAE’s Abu Dhabi crude oil pipeline, both of which are being used to re-route oil flows disrupted by the Strait of Hormuz’s closure. Euronews

The global macroeconomic implications are no longer hypothetical. Asian equities fell sharply on Monday morning. LNG-dependent economies in South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan face acute near-term supply deficits. European energy ministers convened emergency calls. The economic impact of a prolonged U.S. seizure of Iran’s oil terminal — combined with the pre-existing Hormuz disruption — would constitute the most severe peacetime energy shock since the 1973 Arab oil embargo, and arguably surpass it in duration and geographic scope.

Historical Echoes: Oil as the Currency of Power

Trump’s instinct to “take the oil” is neither new nor confined to Iran. It reflects a persistent thread in his strategic worldview — one that treats energy infrastructure as sovereign collateral in the service of American power projection.

He made similar arguments about Iraqi oil during both his 2016 campaign and first term. He framed the Venezuela intervention in part through the lens of oil control. The difference in 2026 is that, for the first time, the rhetorical posture has been coupled with deployed military assets, live combat operations against Kharg’s military facilities, and an explicit public statement of preference — delivered not on a rally stage but to the Financial Times.

That distinction matters. Presidents who tell the Financial Times what they “really want” to do are rarely speaking entirely off the cuff.

Conclusion: The Most Consequential Nine Square Miles on Earth

Kharg Island has occupied a unique position in the geography of global energy since the 1960s, when Mohammad Reza Shah partnered with American oil companies to transform a coral outcrop into the engine of Iran’s petrostate. It has survived the Iran-Iraq War, international sanctions, and decades of strategic calculation by adversaries who understood that destroying it would inflict more pain on global markets than on Tehran alone.

It now confronts an entirely new category of threat: not destruction, but seizure. A U.S. president publicly stated that taking it is his “favourite option.” Whether that preference translates into orders depends on the outcome of parallel diplomatic tracks, the resilience of Tehran’s negotiating position, and the tolerance of American allies for a ground operation that could, depending on Iranian retaliation, spiral into the most consequential regional conflict since the Second World War.

What is already beyond doubt is the economic verdict. Oil above $116 a barrel, LNG flows disrupted, a Strait effectively closed to commercial traffic — these are not hypothetical stress tests. They are today’s reality. The decision on Kharg Island will determine whether they become tomorrow’s starting point.

The stakes, as Trump himself might say, are very, very big.

References

Euronews Business. (2026, March 16). Explainer: Why Kharg Island is vital to Iran and the global economy. Euronews. https://www.euronews.com/business/2026/03/16/explainer-why-kharg-island-is-vital-to-iran-and-the-global-economy

Financial Times. (2026, March 30). Trump says US could ‘take the oil in Iran’ as president eyes Kharg Island. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/3bd9fb6c-2985-4d24-b86b-23b7884031f5

Kpler. (2026). Explainer: Why Kharg Island is the backbone of Iran’s oil economy — and its greatest vulnerability. Kpler Intelligence. https://www.kpler.com/blog/explainer-why-kharg-island-is-the-backbone-of-irans-oil-economy—and-its-greatest-vulnerability

CNBC. (2026, March 9). Iran war, US-Israel conflict, oil prices and Kharg Island. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2026/03/09/iran-war-us-israel-conflict-oil-prices-kharg-island.html

Times of Israel. (2026). Taking Kharg Island is seen as key to opening Hormuz — there are better options. The Times of Israel. https://www.timesofisrael.com/taking-kharg-island-is-seen-as-key-to-opening-hormuz-there-are-better-options/

Washington Post. (2026, March 30). Iran-US-Israel conflict: Trump, Lebanon, latest updates — March 30, 2026. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2026/03/30/iran-us-israel-trump-lebanon-march-30-2026/


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Analysis

China Economy 2026: Export Growth Masks Manufacturing Overcapacity

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China’s exports have been the good-news story in an otherwise mixed economic picture. They’re not just holding up; through the first four months of 2026 they were running about 14% to 15% above the same period a year earlier, according to figures cited by the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission and Vanguard’s economic outlook. That’s the kind of number that would normally signal a healthy economy. The complication is what’s happening underneath it.

A growth model showing its age

Manufacturing capacity utilization fell to 73.9% in early 2026 — near a decade low outside of the pandemic shutdowns, per the Commission’s bulletin. That’s the tell. China is producing and shipping more, but a growing share of its industrial base is running under capacity, which points to a structural mismatch: the country’s manufacturing engine has outgrown both its domestic consumption and, increasingly, what the rest of the world is willing to absorb without pushback.

Goldman Sachs Research, in a report cited by Goldman Sachs’ own analysis, forecasts 4.8% real GDP growth for 2026 — above consensus expectations of 4.5% — driven substantially by continued export strength and a softening drag from the property downturn. But that same report flags the labor market as a genuine weak spot: hiring, measured across a weighted average of PMI employment sub-indexes, is at its most depressed level in a decade outside Covid, and urban nominal wage growth slowed to just 3.8% year-on-year in Q3 2025.

Why Beijing isn’t reaching for stimulus

Given the export strength, one might expect policymakers to feel less urgency about consumption-side stimulus. That’s roughly what’s happening — and it’s a deliberate choice, not an oversight. Xi Jinping’s government remains committed to dominating high-value manufacturing, which means comprehensive fiscal stimulus aimed at consumers remains unlikely even as domestic demand stays soft, according to the Commission’s bulletin.

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The People’s Bank of China is expected to hold its policy rate steady through the rest of the year, preferring targeted structural tools over a broad-based rate cut, per Vanguard’s forecast. That’s a notably cautious stance given how weak the property sector remains — property investment indicators are down 50% to 80% from their 2020–21 peaks, and a “meaningful domestic-demand turnaround remains elusive,” in Vanguard’s own words.

The regulatory push to keep capital at home

Two moves by Chinese regulators in mid-2026 point to where Beijing’s real priority sits: keeping household savings and private capital funneled toward domestic industrial policy rather than flowing overseas. New rules taking effect July 1 restrict outbound investment that could be used to export restricted technology or expertise under the guise of ordinary capital flows, with violations carrying fines, visa restrictions and industry blacklisting, according to the Commission’s bulletin. The regulations follow Beijing’s move to block the founders of AI firm Manus from completing a sale to Meta, even after the company had relocated its headquarters from China to Singapore — a signal that Beijing is willing to reach across borders to keep promising tech assets tethered to domestic or Hong Kong listings.

The currency and trade angle

Goldman’s team makes an out-of-consensus call worth flagging: it expects China’s current account surplus to rise to 4.2% of GDP in 2026, up from 3.6% in 2025, while the broader analyst consensus surveyed by Bloomberg expects a decline to 2.5%. The divergence comes down to export resilience — falling export prices are making Chinese goods more competitive even as the yuan is expected to appreciate slightly, with export-price inflation in dollar terms forecast to turn positive, rising to 0.7% from -2.7% the prior year.

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The bottom line

China’s economy in 2026 is a study in contrasts: robust headline export growth sitting on top of underutilized factories, a weak labor market, and a property sector still in its fifth year of decline. The World Bank’s own baseline, published in its country program materials, projects growth moderating toward 4.0% by 2026 — a more conservative read than Goldman’s. Either way, the consensus across forecasters is the same: exports are carrying more of China’s growth than is healthy for the long run, and Beijing’s policy choices this year suggest it’s betting on technological dominance to eventually solve the demand problem, rather than opening the stimulus taps to solve it directly.


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Analysis

Pakistan Circular Debt Crisis 2026: IMF Deadline Missed, Rs 3.44 Trillion

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There’s a number that keeps showing up in every conversation about Pakistan’s economy, and it keeps getting bigger: circular debt. As of early July 2026, the gas sector’s share of that debt alone has topped Rs 3.44 trillion, and Islamabad has missed a deadline the IMF set for tariff reforms meant to arrest the slide, according to Dawn.

What circular debt actually is, and why it won’t go away

Circular debt is the chain of unpaid obligations that builds up when the price consumers pay for electricity or gas doesn’t cover what it actually costs to produce and deliver it. Someone in the chain — a power producer, a gas utility, a state-owned enterprise — ends up carrying an IOU, and that IOU gets passed down the line. Earlier this year, IMF officials pressed Pakistan on exactly this dynamic, questioning the government’s plan to zero out gas-sector circular debt, according to Aaj English. At the time, officials said around Rs 150 billion remained payable to companies including Oil and Gas Development Company Limited and Pakistan Petroleum Limited.

Islamabad’s proposed fix included a Rs 5-per-unit levy on gas, dividends from state-owned companies redirected toward debt reduction, and the sale of 35 LNG cargoes annually on the international market. The IMF, per that same reporting, raised pointed questions about whether the plan was actually viable.

The commitments Pakistan has already made

Under its Extended Fund Facility, Pakistan has committed to capping circular debt growth at Rs 300 billion for FY2027 and cutting power-sector subsidies from 0.7% of GDP to 0.6%, according to details reported by ProPakistani. The government has also shifted Nepra’s annual tariff-rebasing cycle from July to January, and Ogra now revises gas tariffs twice a year instead of once.

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Structurally, some of this is working. The IMF’s own review in May 2026 credited Pakistan with a primary fiscal surplus of 1.6% of GDP for FY26, broadly in line with program targets, and noted gross reserves had climbed to $16 billion by end-December, up from $14.5 billion six months earlier, according to the IMF’s own press release. That progress unlocked roughly $1.1 billion under the EFF and $220 million under a parallel climate-resilience facility, bringing total disbursements under the two arrangements to about $4.8 billion.

Where the fault lines actually are

The uncomfortable part of this story, laid out by commentary reported in The Hans India, is that revenue targets get IMF scrutiny with great precision, while structural reform of loss-making public enterprises — Pakistan International Airlines and Pakistan Steel Mills chief among them — moves far more slowly. Those enterprises’ losses are absorbed by the national exchequer through subsidies, guarantees, and debt restructuring year after year, and privatization plans keep slipping because the political cost of confronting them is high.

Distribution company inefficiency compounds the problem. In FY25, Discos posted Rs 265 billion in losses, an improvement on FY24’s Rs 276 billion but still a substantial drag, according to Geo News, with Quetta, Peshawar and Hyderabad among the worst-performing utilities.

What happens if the pattern holds

Pakistan’s debt-to-GDP ratio sits between 70% and 80% as of 2026, according to Wikipedia’s economic summary, with debt servicing occasionally consuming two-thirds of government spending. That’s the backdrop against which every circular-debt conversation happens: there is very little fiscal room left to absorb another missed deadline.

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The missed gas tariff deadline doesn’t automatically trigger a program breakdown — Pakistan has weathered similar friction points before during its current EFF arrangement. But with the IMF’s own documentation showing persistent concern about the credibility of debt-reduction plans, and with global energy prices still elevated in the aftermath of the Iran war, the margin for further slippage is thin. The next review will likely hinge less on the rhetoric around reform and more on whether the Rs 5 levy and LNG cargo sales actually show up in the numbers.


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Analysis

Malaysia Bets Its 2026 on “Execution” — And the Semiconductor Upcycle Is Doing the Heavy Lifting

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Malaysia’s government has declared 2026 a year of “execution” and “discipline” as the Anwar Ibrahim administration races to deliver on the 13th Malaysia Plan (RMK13) ahead of elections that could come as early as February 2028, according to Fortune’s interview with economy minister Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir.

A Strong Base to Build From

Malaysia’s economy grew 4.9% in 2025 following 5.1% growth the year before, with unemployment falling to 2.9% — the lowest in a decade — and the ringgit trading at its strongest level in five years. HSBC’s ASEAN economist Yun Liu forecasts 4.6% growth for 2026, citing strength in electrical equipment manufacturing, tourism, and sound government policy, while Nomura economists have projected an even more bullish 5.2%, pointing to infrastructure spending under RMK13.

The ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office (AMRO) projects growth moderating slightly to 4.6% from an estimated 4.9% in 2025, describing Malaysia’s performance as reflecting its “entrenched position in global semiconductor and electronics value chains” and the broader global tech upcycle, according to AMRO’s assessment of Malaysia’s investment upcycle.

Navigating Washington Without Picking Sides

Malaysia’s trade relationship with the US has been turbulent. Washington imposed 25% tariffs on Malaysian goods in April 2025, rattling the country’s export-led economy, before a deal reduced US duties to 19% in exchange for Malaysia lowering tariffs on select American products, with exemptions carved out for aviation components and electrical equipment. Malaysia’s trade hit a record high of more than 3 trillion ringgit (roughly $780 billion) last year despite the friction.

Deputy finance minister Liew Chin Tong has framed Malaysia’s positioning explicitly around neutrality: the country is “not China, not the US,” a stance he argues gives Malaysia a strategic advantage in both geopolitical and supply-chain terms, according to Fortune’s reporting from the Forum Ekonomi Malaysia summit.

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Capital Is Flowing In — From Everywhere

Malaysia recorded 22.8 billion ringgit (about $5.8 billion) in foreign direct investment in the first quarter of 2026, a 6.0% year-on-year increase, moderating from the prior quarter’s 48.7% surge. Inflows into information and communication technology services remained particularly strong, with China, Hong Kong, and Singapore serving as the primary capital sources, according to McKinsey’s Southeast Asia quarterly economic review. Bank Negara Malaysia has held its policy rate steady following a pre-emptive 25 basis-point cut in July 2025, with headline inflation projected to average just 2.0% in 2026.

The Long Game: Semiconductors, Rare Earths, and Nuclear Power

Beyond RMK13’s near-term targets, Malaysian officials are positioning the country’s industrial strategy around decades, not years. Minister Akmal has reiterated commitments to eliminate coal use by 2044 and reach net zero by 2050, while confirming Malaysia is actively “exploring the potential” of nuclear power to meet the energy demands of its expanding data-center and semiconductor sectors. AMRO’s structural policy guidance urges Malaysia to develop domestic semiconductor and rare-earth capabilities as a hedge against ongoing US-China “geoeconomic fracturing,” positioning the country as a trusted neutral hub for global manufacturers diversifying away from concentrated exposure to either superpower.


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